east-lothian-1924/05-054

Transcription

INVENTORY OF MONUMENTS IN EAST LOTHIAN.

MARKET CROSSES. - Of the market crosses, Preston Cross (No. 161), built
in the early 17th century is most important as being the only cross of rotunda
type which remains in Scotland in situ. Ormiston Cross (No. 134) dates from
the 15th century and is of a more usual type, of which other though later
examples are recorded at Aberlady (No. 8) and Wester Pencaitland (No. 142).
The fragment at Prora (No. 16) may be the remains of a wayside cross.
BRIDGES. - On the Tyne are three 16th century bridges, at East Linton
(No. 151), Abbey (No. 76), and Pencaitland (No. 140) all substantial structures
with stoutly ribbed arch soffits. Linton bridge is nearest the river mouth and
was, from its position, an important nodal point for roads (cf. p. 100). Also
on the Tyne is the Nungate bridge (No. 75), which was built or possibly
renewed in the 17th century. On the Humbie water one bridge (No. 86)
is recorded as of 17th century date.

III.

ECCLESIASTICAL STRUCTURES.

Of the twenty-three churches and chapels noticed in this inventory, three,
viz.:- Tynninghame Church (No. 201), St. Martin's Church (No. 69) and
St. Andrews Church (No. 24), date from the 12th century and are sufficiently
complete to enable their plan to be read. They consist of nave and chancel,
both divisions being rectangular and unaisled, but Tynningham had in addition
an apsidal sanctuary. These buildings exhibit the characteristic ornament of
the Romanesque style, fragments of which are also to be found inserted in
the substantially later churches of Garvald (No. 44) and St Giles (No. 130),
while the proportions and plan of Pencaitland Church (No. 135) suggest that
it rests on the foundations of a 12th century structure.
Thirteenth century building is represented in Keith Church (No. 82),
which though roofless is otherwise fairly complete, St. Giles, the church
of Luffness Convent (No. 1), the north-east chapel of Pencaitland, Herd-
manston Chapel (No. 162), the fragment on Fidra Island (No. 26) and
the chancel of Prestonkirk Parish Church (No. 144) ; the last named is in
[Marginal note] Illustration wanted
almost perfect preservation and is architecturally the most important, ex-
hibiting the lancet fenestration and the buttressing typical of its period.
These 13th century churches are or have been rectangular on plan and double
chambered.
Oldhamstocks Parish Church (No. 123) is ostensibly modern, but on its
walling is seen a 14th century basement course, and its plan, like that of
Pencaitland, is an oblong with a centred western tower, which suggests that
the foundations may be mediæval. St. Mary's Haddington (No. 68) dating
from c. the end of the 14th century is the greatest and the only aisled church.
It is the earliest example extant of the fully developed cruciform plan. The
gables are high, the aisles low ; the bay design is bipartite without triforium.
The crossing is surmounted by a massive tower, which in design terminated
in a " crown " spire. St. Mary's is the only church dealt with which exhibits
structural rib vaulting, although at Seton, it is true, there are ribs in the
vaulting of the apse.

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